An echocardiogram, sometimes called an echo, is a noninvasive test that uses sound waves to create moving images of the heart. It allows your cardiologist to see the heart’s chambers, valves and blood flow and evaluate how well your heart is functioning.

An echocardiogram may be recommended to:

• Evaluate the size and structure of the heart
• See how well the heart is pumping blood
• Check for problems with the heart valves
• Look for causes of symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain or fatigue
• Evaluate certain congenital heart abnormalities
• Monitor known heart conditions over time

How does it work?

The most common type of echocardiogram is a transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE).

During the test, a specially trained sonographer places gel on your chest and moves a handheld device called a transducer over different areas of the chest. The transducer sends harmless sound waves toward the heart and records the echoes as they bounce back.

A computer converts these sound waves into moving images that allow your healthcare provider to evaluate the heart’s structure, pumping function, valves and blood flow.

In some cases, your physician may recommend a different type of echocardiogram, such as a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) or stress echocardiogram, when more detailed or specialized imaging is needed.

What can I expect after treatment?

A standard transthoracic echocardiogram is painless, noninvasive and does not use radiation. You may be asked to lie on your side or back while images are taken from several areas of your chest.

The test typically takes less than an hour, although the length may vary depending on the images your physician needs.

No special recovery is usually necessary after a standard echocardiogram, and most patients can return to their normal activities immediately.

Your cardiologist will review the images and discuss the results with you. Depending on your symptoms and the findings of the echocardiogram, additional testing may sometimes be recommended.